Bill O Reilly And Martin Dugard Essay - 1191 Words

Bill O’Reilly, Martin Dugard, â€Å"Killing Reagan: The Violent Assault That Changed a Presidency†, New York, Henry Holt and Company, 2015, pp336, $30.00 Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard attempt to bring the reader to the events, through a thrilling story-like account of the assassination attempt on President Ronald Reagan and its impact on the rest of his presidency. The main points examined in this book, include, of course the assassination attempt on Reagan’s life, but it goes deeper to look at the impact on the remaining days of his Presidency. It examines John Hinckley and what causes him to commit this evil act against the President, and also examines Reagan’s political ambitions and ideas during his career as a Hollywood, years before he would hold political office. He does this all, not to diminish Reagan’s accomplishments as President, but to add to it to reinforce the great accomplishments, and what Reagan overcomes to achieve them. Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard have co-written several historical books that have reached the top of the New York Times bestselling list. The â€Å"Killingâ₠¬  series include six books co-written by Dugard and O’Reilly. In addition, Dugard has written several bestselling historical books. Bill O’Reilly, in addition to being a bestselling author, hosts the number one rated cable news show, The O’Reilly Factor, on Fox News. He graduated from Marist College, in New York, with a bachelor’s degree in History. He also holds a masters of arts degreeShow MoreRelatedKilling Lincoln By Bill O Reilly And Martin Dugard1609 Words   |  7 PagesKilling Lincoln by Bill O Reilly and Martin Dugard is a book that captures the days leading up to and surrounding President Abraham Lincoln’s death. The purpose of this book is to give the reader insight about anything relating to President Abraham Lincoln in his final days. Bill O’Reilly hosts his own news television show called â€Å"The O’Reilly Factor† which is aired on the Fox News Channel where he talks about political issues. He has written many other books with Dugard like Killing Kenn edy: TheRead MoreKilling Reagan By Bill O Reilly And Martin Dugard1601 Words   |  7 PagesKilling Reagan was wrote by Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard as a part of their series to talk about the deaths, assassination, and near deaths of certain historical people. O’Reilly and Dugard write about the events leading up to the attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan including discussing the attempted assassin, John Hinckley, and the events after up until his death. The authors present the viewpoint as if one were there to witness the lives of the people in the book. Killing Reagan talks aboutRead MoreKilling Kennedy: The End of Camelot1606 Words   |  6 Pages Killing Kennedy: The End of Camelot The authors Dugard Reilly make the point that 8 percent of Americans actually have this belief that Lee Harvey Oswald is the man that had something to do with the death of Abraham Lincoln. However, the authors in this book want the reader to know that is considered to be one explanation for Killing Kennedy, which happens to be the current book written by authors Bill OReilly and Martin Dugard. They clearly wanted to turn a presidential murder into a humanRead MoreKilling Lincoln : The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever Essay1761 Words   |  8 PagesBill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard write Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever , a book about the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln and the events leading up to the assassination. The purpose of the book is to strategically break down the days and events leading up to the death of Abraham Lincoln and provoke thoughts in the minds of the readers. The authors want to uncove r proven and alleged conspiracy theories. Bill O’Reilly writes a plethora of other booksRead MoreLincoln Is A Great Talented Man1716 Words   |  7 Pagesmany views behind his name. However, there is a book called, â€Å"Killing Lincoln† that explains his assassination. The assassination has changed American forever. The book was released on September 27, 2011. The authors of the book were Bill O’ Reily and Martin Dugard at that time. Meanwhile, this is going to be a brief summary to the follow up of his assassination. First, this book explains many battles and plans to regards of the Civil War. The Civil War was based on the presence of slavery inRead MoreAbraham Lincoln, The Sixteenth President Of The United1813 Words   |  8 PagesGeneral Grant would be attending the Ford s Theater on April 14, he decided to make his move. Since Booth has been an actor himself, he knew the theater well because he had performed there many times before. Around 2:00 PM on April 14, Billy O Reilly says, Abernathy 2 ...Booth walks downstairs to the Grover s manager s office. It s empty. Sitting at the desk, Booth removes a paper and an envelope from the pigeonholes. He then writes a letter to the editor of the NationalRead MoreAssassination Of John F. Kennedy1168 Words   |  5 PagesJFK’s assassination, he faced many world problems such as the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis. These actions lead up to his death because many people, like Lee Harvey Oswald, did not see eye to eye on Kennedy’s politics. For example, author Bill O’Reilly states in Killing Kennedy: The End of Camelot, â€Å"The cold war that has raged between the two nations for more than a decade†¦ Many in Washington believe that overthrowing the pro-soviet Castro will go along way toward restoring equilibrium toRead MoreAnalysis Of Killing Patton By Bill O Reilly1592 Words   |  7 Pagesa scale that will probably never be seen again. Her full strength was finally unleashed and the world sa w her full might. This strength was displayed on the battlefields behind one of World War â… ¡Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s most audacious generals: General George S. Patton. Bill O’Reilly’s book Killing Patton is a story of a famous American general’s role in latter parts of World War â… ¡. Patton was in charge of America’s Third Army and was highly by the Allies and Hitler himself. His passion for war and aggressiveness on theRead MoreJfk s Alleged Assassin By Geoff Hamilton Claims1223 Words   |  5 PagesJohn F. Kennedy. Trauma, vol. 13, no. 3, 2011, pp. 245-249 ProQuest Central, http://rccproxy2.rockinghamcc.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/875950116?accountid=13568.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408610392885. O Reilly, Bill, and Martin Dugard. Killing Kennedy: the end of Camelot. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2012. Print. The Day Kennedy Died . Dir. Leslie Woodhead. Perf. Kevin Spacey . Documentary . N.p., 17 Nov. 2013. Web. 4 Feb. 2017.Read MoreThe Legacy Of John F. Kennedy1800 Words   |  8 PagesJFK’s assassination, he faced many world problems such as the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis. These actions lead up to his death because many people, like Lee Harvey Oswald, did not see eye to eye on Kennedy’s politics. For example, author Bill O’Reilly states in Killing Kennedy: The End of Camelot, â€Å"The cold war that has raged between the two nations for more than a decade†¦ Many in Washington believe that overthrowing the pro-soviet Castro i ll go along way toward restoring equilibrium

Science Is The Pursuit And Application Of Knowledge Essay

In order to understand how each ideology interacts and it interrelated you must first understand the definition and function of each. The board spectrum of interdisciplinary disciples pertaining to Science, Math, Technology and Engineering provide a broad spectrum of knowledge and opportunity for segregated sectors of discovery and interpretation. Each spectrum offers and promotes different methodology and ideology yet work together. Educators and researchers use crossed disciplinary approaches to satisfy the needs of our societal demands in this new and upcoming culture. According to the dictionary Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence. Science has been defined in many ways, and its meaning has changed with time. In its most fundamental sense, modern science is a process by which we try to understand how the natural world works and how it came to be that way. It is NOT a process for merely collecting facts about, or just describing, the natural world, although such observations do provide the raw material for scientific understanding. Scientific knowledge is the inferences that scientists draw from the data - the models for how things work. As a process, certain rules must be followed, but there is NO one scientific method, contrary to its popular treatment in textbooks. The rules of science are intended to make the process as objective as isShow MoreRelatedScience Is The Pursuit And Application Of Knowledge971 Words   |  4 PagesThe question, â€Å"What is science?† has a complicated answer. Is science doing lab experiments or sifting through layers of soil to find artifacts? Is science making observations through telescopes of the movements of heavenly bodies or discovering through microscopes the processes of cell division? Is science about explaining natural phenomena or learning about the life of a coral reef? We all know that science is all of these. But, what is science? According to the Science Council (http://www.sciencecouncilRead MoreThe Intellectual Pursuit and Its Social Counterpart in Frankenstein1056 Words   |  5 PagesIntellectual Pursuit and Its Social Counterpart Victor Frankenstein, as a scientist, has a burning passion and an infinite curiosity for the science of reanimation. After spending years studying what is known of the subject, Victor makes a discovery that would have been considered an enormous scientific breakthrough. However, once Frankenstein applies this new science, the science becomes a detriment to society, never to be attempted again. Frankenstein ignored the social implications of the science of reanimationRead MoreMoral And Ethical Issues In Frankenstein Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion of all science fiction can be summed up by this sentence: â€Å"‘If this goes on, where will it lead?’†(Sawyer) By asking this basic, yet perplexing question, writers extrapolate on a known scientific principle to its most extreme case, and thereby create a catalyst for the events of the stories they write. Inside this story, the innate natures and behaviors of human beings are revealed through the charactersâ₠¬â„¢ reaction to the new threat that an advance in technology or scientific knowledge presentsRead MoreA Positive Perspective On The Pursuit Of Knowledge1278 Words   |  6 Pagesis essential in the pursuit of knowledge†. The knower has to have a positive perspective in order to attempt to pursue the knowledge that the knower desires. To pursue something, there has to be a motive or drive for the knower to do so. I feel like without the positive perspective to drive the knower’s desire to gain knowledge, the pursuit of knowledge is meaningless to the knower. Even if knowledge is gained, the knowledge becomes meaningless because there is no application. Knowing means the knowerRead MoreTechnology and Morality in Shelleys Frankenstein - Is Knowledge Always Evil?952 Words   |  4 PagesFrankenstein: Is Knowledge Always Evil? nbsp; As of this writing, I have decided to regard the local TV channels The more you know... commercials as being evil. I do not understand how anyone could regard knowledge as anything but evil. The more you know... the more your mind feels the need to explorer for more knowledge and the more evil it will encounter. The more you search, the more ignorant you realize you are and the more open to pain you become. Who needs to have the knowledge possessedRead MoreStatement of Purpose962 Words   |  4 Pagesin my academic pursuits by increasing my hunger for knowledge but ensured that I was amongst the best in all my classes. What can be more interesting and fascinating than the structure of the world around us? I asked myself this question when I was deciding which course to pursue in my undergraduate studies. I knew two things at the time; the first was that the world can be thought of as a vault of data and secondly, that mathematical statistics is basically the science of extractingRead MoreApplication for Master Degree in Theory and Computational Science955 Words   |  4 Pagescomprehensive foundation in the field of Computer Science. Within this field, I have developed a deep interest in the area of Theory and Computational Science. More specifically I find algorithms and theory of computation the most appealing areas due to their application in solving many real world problems. My undergraduate course in the field of Electronics Engineering has given me a comprehensive exposure to all the core fields of computer science and mathematics. In my junior year, I participatedRead MoreIs Science Dangerous? By Lewis Wolpert955 Words   |  4 PagesIn his commentary â€Å"Is science dangerous?†, Lewis Wolpert attempts to answer the age-old question of whether knowledge (and therefore science, as the source of knowledge), poses a risk to society. In order to do so, he makes a crucial differentiation between pure science as knowledge that enhances our understanding of the world, and technology, which is the application of scientific research (Wolpert 281). If we agree that pure science is void of morality, then the real question becomes: does theRead MorePresident Park Geun Hye Of South Korea1606 Words   |  7 Pagescertain type of effects to the people’s pursuit of knowledge. Using examples from astrology/science and history, I would investigate whet her knower’s perspective is always or is not essential in the pursuit of knowledge through usage of language and emotions. In this essay, perspective is defined as a concept or opinion built upon one’s experience or background such as gender, race, religious position, historical era, education experiences, and ‘pursuit of knowledge’ as act of learning or researchingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Monster 1482 Words   |  6 PagesES 124 Book Project Question (60 points) Ms. Nguyen Winter 2017 Your answers should be typed, using MLA format A. Knowledge 1. Write the title of your book and the author’s name 2. List the characters and describe them a. Captain Robert Walton: As a failing writer, he sets out on a voyage to the North Pole in hopes of the fame in new scientific discoveries. He rescues the main character, Victor Frankenstein, and record the story as told by Frankenstein. b. Victor Frankenstein: Frankenstein narrates

Sepsis in the Emergency Department Improvements free essay sample

Sepsis remains one of the most deadly diseases in the country. According to the literature, a majority of sepsis cases filter though the Emergency department. The diagnosis and treatment of sepsis are complex and the barriers to improving these things are even more intricate but the fact remains that improvement of sepsis care begins in the ED. Early recognition of sepsis using the SIRS criteria followed by multidisciplinary rapid response diagnostic testing and treatment are the keys to improvement of sepsis care in the ED. Introduction Sepsis is defined by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) as the presence (probable r documented) of infection together with systemic manifestations of infection (Dellinger et al. , 2013). Severe sepsis is defined by the SSC as sepsis plus sepsis-induced organ dysfunction or tissue hypoperfusion (Dellinger et al. , 2013). Despite advances in treatment modalities, the current literature reports mortality for severe sepsis and septic shock ranges from 20% to 60% (Burney et al. , 2012; Dickinson Kellef, 2011; Turi Von, 2011) making it the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. The prevalence of sepsis is markedly higher among the elderly opulation and rises exponentially after the age of 65 (Gaieski et al. , 2010). With the baby boomer generation now approaching this age, systematic and effective treatment of sepsis has never been more important. Severe sepsis until the last decade was a grossly under recognized and undertreated illness. Although treatment protocols have improved impart due to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, there exists an urgent need for improvement of prompt, methodical and aggressive care of severe sepsis and septic shock. More than 500,000 cases of severe sepsis are initially anaged in US emergency departments annually with an average ED length of stay for these patients of 5 hours (Wang et al. , 2007). The SSC strongly recommends seven, time sensitive, initiatives. Within three hours of suspected, or diagnosed sepsis, the clinical team must measure lactate level, obtain blood cultures, administer broad spectrum antibiotics, and correct any hypotension or lactic acidosis with the administration of 30mL/kg crystalloid. Within 6 hours, the SSC recommends applying vasopressors for sustained hypotension, measuring central venous pressure (CVP) nd central venous oxygen saturation (Scv02) and remeasuring lactate if initial lactate was elevated (Dellinger et al. , 2013). What is not obviously evident in these recommendations is the workload associated with completing these tasks, which for nurses, includes inserting multiple large bore IVs, multiple blood draws, assisting with invasive procedures and for physicians includes inserting invasive lines and managing a critically ill patient. This puts a huge emphasis as well as a burden on the ED, for the improvement in recognition and initial management of sepsis. Definitions of Sepsis Sepsis is a physiologic response to an infection that begins with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). SIRS, originally defined in 1992, is characterized by a presence of two of the following five physiologic changes: 1 . Temperature 98. 60 F or 100. 40 F 2. Heart rate 90/min 3. Respiratory Rate 20/min Body 4. Hyperventilation, indicated by a PaC02 of 12,000/uL or the presence of 10% immature neutrophils (Simpson Pitts, 2010) Severe sepsis is the presence of sepsis with the presence of organ failure separate from the site of infection. The hallmark signs of organ failure summarized by the American College of Chest Physicians includes: 1. Hypotension 2. Renal failure that manifests as a creatinine value increase 0. 5 mg/dL, poor urine output (defined as 0. 5 mL/kg for 1 h), or the need for renal replacement therapy 3. Altered mental status (from individual patient baseline) 4. Thrombocytopenia ( 100,000 platelets/mL) 5. Respiratory failure that manifests by arterial hypoxemia (Pa02/F102 300) 6. Coagulation abnormalities (international normalized ratio 1. 5 or activated partial thromboplastin time 60 s) 7. Ileus 8. Hyperbilirubinemia (plasma total bilirubin level 4 mg/dL) 9. Hyperlactatemia ( upper limit of normal) (Simpson Pitts, 2010) Management of Severe Sepsis: More than 500,000 cases of severe sepsis are initially managed in the US emergency departments annually, with an average ED length of stay of 5 hours. The cornerstones of management of severe sepsis includes prompt diagnosis, timely administration of appropriate antibiotics, and aggressive resuscitation. Recognition of Sepsis in the ED. It is well known within health care professionals as well as the general public that, in the first hours of a myocardial infarction or cerebral vascular ccident, time is tissue. This is also the case in severe sepsis and because of this, early recognition of sepsis is vital to improving outcomes. SIRS is the first line diagnostic for the recognition of sepsis. If the patient meets SIRS criteria, the next line of diagnostics is to test the serum lactate. Lactate is believed to be due to decreased end-organ perfusion, leading to anaerobic glycolysis and lactate production. Serum lactate is commonly used as a prognostic test for illness severity in ED patients with sepsis (Green et al. , 2011). Resuscitation in the ED. Rapid Quantitative resuscitation is recommended in all patients with tissue hypoperfusion. According to the SSC guidelines, the goals of fluid resuscitation include a CVP of 8-12 mm Hg, a MAP 65 mm Hg, urine output 0. 5 mukg/hour and an Scv02 of 70%. The strategy of resuscitation, completed in the first 6 hours was associated with a 15. % reduction in 28 day mortality (Dellinger et al. , 2013). Crystalloids should be the first initial fluid choice during resuscitation. If the patient remains hypotensive, vasopressor therapy should be initiated using norepinephrine as the tirst choice Dellinger et al. , 2013). Antimicrobial Therapy in the ED. The administration of broad- spectrum antimicrobials with the first hour of re cognition of sepsis is vital to patient mortality. In multiple studies, each hour of delay in antibiotic administration is associated with a measurable increase in patient mortality (Dellinger et al. 2013). Another vital component of treatment is the choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy. Kumar et al. , found that survival rates after appropriate and inappropriate initial therapy were 52. 0% and 10. 3% respectively (Kumar et al. , 2009). This is a huge isparity for patients and therefore a large focus for EDS. Barriers to Care and Suggestions for Improvement Suboptimal treatment of sepsis is widespread. Compliance with the 6 hour resuscitation pundle is poor, ranging from 19% to 52% (Aitken et al. , 2011). For example, even though the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) has distributed guidelines, reflecting the Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT) studied by Rivers and colleagues, suggesting the administration of antibiotics within 1 hour of suspected bacterial infection, the average time for the first infusion of antibiotics exceeds 3 hours. Other suboptimal findings include choosing the wrong type of antibiotic, lack of consistent hemodynamic monitoring, lack of treatment order sets and protocols and lack of support for processes needed to complete EGDT (Aitken et al. 2011). There is an urgent need in healthcare for improvement of prompt, methodical and aggressive care of sepsis. Sepsis Recognition and Alert. The early diagnosis of sepsis is extremely difficult. By the time patients with sepsis have apparent vital sign changes, they are critically ill and needing aggressive treatment. For this reason, early recognition of SIRS is vital. Identifying SIRS takes comprehensive knowledge of th e criteria and meticulous assessment of patients. This has proven to be a major barrier to implementing the SSC guidelines (Turi Von, 2011). In one study conducted by Burney et al. , more than 85% of nurses reported that they were somewhat or not at all familiar with SIRS criteria and only 15. 8% of nurses reported that abnormal vital signs were reported in a timely fashion by support staff (Burney et al. , 2012). This is why one of the most important improvements that can be made in sepsis care is education on the criteria of SIRS and signs of severe sepsis ithin the ED. All staff whom interact with the patient, not Just RNs, need to be provided with this education. Once a patient with SIRS is identified a rapid response needs to be initiated and treatment should begin immediately. This effort should not only be a multidisciplinary rapid response team (RRT), which has been indicated to improve outcomes (Tromp et al. , 2010), but also should involve members from each of the units and services needed for treatment (ED, CU, Surgery if needed). This wide involvement will help to utilize all resources as well as assist to streamline the atient to a critical care environment with staffing levels to support the patient. Treatment protocol. When surveyed, registered nurses considered delay in diagnosis by physicians to be the most significant cause of treatment interruption among patients with sepsis. Also, the majority of staff surveyed (89. 5% of nurses and 86. 0% of physicians) stated that a written protocol, similar to the ones already in place for the management of acute coronary syndrome and pneumonia, would help them to manage patients with sepsis (Burney et al. , 2012). If a nurse suspects sepsis, based on the recognition ot SIRS, literature sugges s that this lead to the use ot a predominantly nurse driven, sepsis protocol where baseline diagnostic tests are ordered and the rapid response team is notified at the minimum, but also suggests that protocol-directed care in the areas of fluid and vasopressor therapy is becoming more commonplace and has been shown to be safe (Aitken et al. , 2011). This type of protocol can significantly improve the rapid diagnosis of sepsis and improve chances of SSC guideline completion (Tromp et al. , 2010). If the patient meets diagnostic criteria for sepsis, then the physician should initiate the institutional sepsis bundle. This sepsis bundle should include recommendations from the SSC including qualitative resuscitation (based on CVP, MAP, Scv02, and urine output), broad- spectrum antibiotics, as well as source identification and control. The physicians orders should also include central and arterial line placement and vasopressors if indicated. Antibiotic Availability and Selection. Widely agreed upon is the fact that the most important of the initiatives recommended by the SSC is the early administration of antibiotics. A study in Critical Care Medicine by Gaieski et al. (2010), nalyzed for elapsed time from triage to the appropriate antibiotic administration to determine if there was a significant association. The researchers found a significant association at the one-hour time cutoff for both triage to antibiotics (mortality 19. 5 vs. 33. 2%) as well as qualification for EGDT to antibiotics (mortality 25. 0 vs. 38. 5%). This supports the argument that the prompt administration of appropriate antibiotics is a primary determinant of mortality in patients with severe sepsis (Gaieski et al. , 2010). Unfortunately, studies have found that an incorrect antimicrobial agent is chosen in p to 35% of cases where the physician chooses the agent based on clinical judgment (Miano et al. , 2012) and when surveyed only half of the physicians (50. 0%) were very confident in choosing appropriate antibiotics for a patient with severe sepsis (Burney et al. , 2012). Antibiotic algorithms, based on common isolates and their susceptibility patterns, are highly effective at correcting these deficiencies. It should also be noted that resistance patterns should be monitored at a local and institutional level so that algorithms can be adjusted.

Review of It Strategy at World Bank free essay sample

The World Bank is a multi-national organization that operates in over 180 countries. Barriers such as connectivity, cultural differences, time zones, knowledge levels, and resources available exist for World Bank because they have clients in so many different locations around the world. World Bank has a hierarchal structure with a centralized headquarters in Washington, D. C and several more independent branches. Due to the operations limited by independent branches, client interactions were limited, communications needed improvement, and important business meetings were limited by the difficulties and expenses of worldwide travel. Mohamed Muhsin, World Bank’s CIO had two key questions he wanted to address: how could IT help the core business serve its clients better, and how could World Bank measure and communicate the value that IT contributes to the business (McFarlan amp; Delacey, 2003). The overall solution was decentralization, the creation of a knowledge bank, and to establish a matrix of regions and networks (Musin, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on Review of It Strategy at World Bank or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Finally, as with all organizational change, an underlying challenge that World Bank also faced was the bank personnel’s resistance to all of the new policies and operational vicissitude. Background World Bank provides more than just financing, it also provides knowledge services that include investments in education, health, public administration, infrastructure, financial and private sector development, agriculture and environmental and natural resource management (The World Bank Group, 2012). The organization’s most important goal is to reduce worldwide poverty through a diversified employee base and a staff that is committed to helping less fortunate nations through resources and knowledge sharing. To begin, World Bank supported their mission by providing three IT services. First, they provided a basic-service package that included the standard network infrastructure, to include enterprise software, email, file storage and intranet. Next, they provided corporate information services, to expand enterprise functions. Finally and most recently, World Bank provided optional IT services to its employees including notebook PCs, videoconferencing, remote access, and wireless devices. Five Forces Analysis †¢Supplier Power – Very high because of World Bank’s unique mission. It is different in that it is willing to accept minimal profit to meet its philanthropic objectives; this enables the bank to offer loans and assistance at rates no other bank will. †¢Buyer Power Very low because World Bank is the only organization offering loans and services at such a low rate. There are also strict requirements to meet for the World Bank to consider a loan. The World Bank’s low rate loans are not available to everyone. †¢Threat of Substitutes Very low since existing banks are not willing to compete with a bank supported by so many countries, and huge capital would be required with low return on investment. †¢Threat of New Entrants Very low since existing banks are not willing to compete with a bank supported by so many countries, and huge capital would be required with low return on investment. Past/Present Performance World Bank significantly increased its performance throughout the case presented. The Information Solutions Group (ISG) reorganized and enhanced administrative and operational processes, by enabling voice, data, and videoconferencing services to greater areas. The authors of the case McFarlan and Delacey (2003) noted that World Bank experienced about half the cost per gigabyte of transmission as compared to the peer average in the industry. This speaks volumes about the efficiencies and safeguards built into their system. Additionally, World Bank enjoyed time and cost saving by conducting several thousand videoconferences per year.

The Role of Political Environmentalism in Modern World

Operation Barbarossa In WWII Essays - Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa In WWII Essays - Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa in WWII "When Operation Barbarossa is launched, the world will hold its breath!" - Adolf Hitler On the night of June 22, 1941, more than 3 million German soldiers, 600 000 vehicles and 3350 tanks were amassed along a 2000km front stretching from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Their sites were all trained on Russia. This force was part of 'Operation Barbarossa', the eastern front of the greatest military machine ever assembled. This machine was Adolf Hitler's German army. For Hitler, the inevitable assault on Russia was to be the culmination of a long ezding obsession. He had always wanted Russia's industries and agricultural lands as part of his Lebensraum or 'living space' for Germany and their Thousand Year Reich. Russia had been on Hitler's agenda since he wrote Mein Kampf some 17 years earlier where he stated: 'We terminate the endless German drive to the south and the west of Europe, and direct our gaze towards the lands in the east...If we talk about new soil and territory in Europe today, we can think primarily only of Russia and its vassal border states'i Hitler wanted to exterminate and enslave the 'degenerate' Slavs and he wanted to obliterate their 'Jewish Bolshevist' government before it could turn on him. His 1939 pact with Stalin was only meant to give Germany time to prepare for war. As soon as Hitler controlled France, he looked east. Insisting that Britain was as good as defeated, he wanted to finish off the Soviet Union as soon as possible, before it could significantly fortify and arm itself. 'We only have to kick in the front door and the whole rotten edifice will come tumbling down'ii he told his officers. His generals warned him of the danger of fighting a war on two fronts and of the difficulty of invading an area as vast as Russia but, Hitler simply overruled them. He then placed troops in Finland and Romania and created his eastern front. In December 1940, Hitler made his final battle plan. He gave this huge operation a suitable name. He termed it 'Operation Barbarossa' or 'Redbeard' which was the nickname of the crusading 12th century Holy Roman emperor, Frederick I. The campaign consisted of three groups: Army Group North which would secure the Baltic; Army Group South which would take the coal and oil rich lands of the Ukraine and Caucasus; and Army Group Centre which would drive towards Moscow. Prior to deploying this massive force, military events in the Balkans delayed 'Barbarossa' by five weeks. It is now widely agreed that this delay proved fatal to Hitler's conquest plans of Russia but, at the time it did not seem important. In mid-June the build-up was complete and the German Army stood poised for battle. Hitler's drive for Russia failed however, and the defeat of his army would prove to be a major downward turning point for Germany and the Axis counterparts. There are many factors and events which contributed to the failure of Operation Barbarossa right from the preparatory stages of the attack to the final cold wintry days when the Germans had no choice but to concede. Several scholars and historians are in basic agreement with the factors which led to Germany's failure however, many of them stress different aspects of the operation as the crucial turning point. One such scholar is the historian, Kenneth Macksey. His view on Operation Barbarossa is plainly evident just by the title of his book termed, 'Military errors Of World War Two.'iii Macksey details the fact that the invasion of Russia was doomed to fail from the beginning due to the fact that the Germans were unprepared and extremely overconfident for a reasonable advancement towards Moscow. Macksey's first reason for the failure was the simply that Germany should not have broken its agreement with Russia and invaded its lands due to the fact that the British were not defeated on the western front, and this in turn plunged Hitler into a war on two fronts. The Germans, and Hitler in particular were stretching their forces too thin and were overconfident that the Russians would be defeated in a very short time. Adolf Hitler's overconfidence justifiably stemmed

Innovation at cirque du soleil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Innovation at cirque du soleil - Essay Example This Circus has differentiated itself from its fellow circuses in that it added a touch of innovation in its entertainment services. Through this it managed to shift the traditional circus attendants from children to adults. This paper seeks to evaluate the external environment of Circus du Soleil by conducting a PEST and Porter’s 5 forces analysis of its circus industry. Potter’s five forces Analysis of External Environment This analysis tool is the most powerful tool of understanding where power really lies within the organization. A clear understanding of where power really lies in the organization enables an understanding of the current competitive position the company is in and the strength of the position it wants to move to. This approach assumes that five major forces that determine a businesses competitive power exist. In relation to the circus industry where Cirque du Soleil operates in, the following can be realized; the threat of new entry, power of supplier s, power of buyers, competitive rivalry, and the threat of substitutes. 1. Threat of entry There is a threat of new entry into the circus industry given the fact that Circus du Soleil has been performing well in the industry. Circus du Soleil reinvented the circus industry and through this it was able to create a new market space through challenging the conventional assumption that existed. This assumption was that circuses were meant for children. This company taught the industry how to compete by adding innovation by drawing strengths from the theatre industry, the opera industry and so forth. The new companies have seen how Circus du Soleil has made huge profits and amassed large customer bases and have been attracted to this industry. The greatest threat is that profitability and sales level for Circus du Soleil will decrease but on the other hand the industry’s competitiveness will increase. 2. Power of suppliers The suppliers to the circus industry have changed from the traditional wild animals, acrobats, and funs tuff for youngsters. The circus industry is seeing the use of more mature forms of entertainment to suit the older and high spending customers. The change in customer has called for a change in suppliers, for purposes of profitability of the industry. In addition the customers have fragmented to reduce their bargaining power. 3. Threat of substitutes This threat comes from alternative entertainment forms offered theaters, cinemas, and operas among others. Competition becomes intense when these services are offered at generally lower prices. 4. Competitive rivalry Competitive rivalry to this industry comes from the alternative entertainment services offered by theaters, cinemas, amusement parks, kid’s fun centers, and opera’s among others. 5. Power of buyers The revolution of the circus industry by Cirque du Soleil has seen the entrance of new buyers who are the mature and high spending adults. The traditional buyers were ch ildren and youngsters. This brood of new buyers has increased the profitability of this industry. PEST Analysis PEST refers to the analysis of the environment in terms of political, economical, sociological and technological manner. In relation to the Cirques du Soleil circus industry, the following can be realized; 1. Political aspect The current regulations do not